Permutation and basic counting principle AMC 8 2012, problem 10

[et_pb_section fb_built="1" _builder_version="4.0"][et_pb_row _builder_version="3.25"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="3.25" custom_padding="|||" custom_padding__hover="|||"][et_pb_text _builder_version="3.27.4" text_font="Raleway|300|||||||" text_text_color="#ffffff" header_font="Raleway|300|||||||" header_text_color="#e2e2e2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_padding="20px|20px|20px|20px" border_radii="on|5px|5px|5px|5px" box_shadow_style="preset3"]

What are we learning ?

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.1" text_font="Raleway||||||||" text_font_size="20px" text_letter_spacing="1px" text_line_height="1.5em" background_color="#f4f4f4" custom_margin="10px||10px" custom_padding="10px|20px|10px|20px" box_shadow_style="preset2"]Competency in Focus: Basic counting principle and permutation This problem from American Mathematics contest (AMC 8, 2012) [/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version="3.27.4" text_font="Raleway|300|||||||" text_text_color="#ffffff" header_font="Raleway|300|||||||" header_text_color="#e2e2e2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_padding="20px|20px|20px|20px" border_radii="on|5px|5px|5px|5px" box_shadow_style="preset3"]

First look at the knowledge graph.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src="https://www.cheenta.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/AMC-8-2012-problem-10-1.png" align="center" force_fullwidth="on" _builder_version="4.1" min_height="252px" height="284px" max_height="411px"][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version="3.27.4" text_font="Raleway|300|||||||" text_text_color="#ffffff" header_font="Raleway|300|||||||" header_text_color="#e2e2e2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_padding="20px|20px|20px|20px" border_radii="on|5px|5px|5px|5px" box_shadow_style="preset3"]

Next understand the problem

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.1" text_font="Raleway||||||||" text_font_size="20px" text_letter_spacing="1px" text_line_height="1.5em" background_color="#f4f4f4" custom_margin="10px||10px" custom_padding="10px|20px|10px|20px" box_shadow_style="preset2"]How many 4-digit numbers greater than 1000 are there that use the four digits of 2012?[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version="4.0"][et_pb_column type="4_4" _builder_version="3.25" custom_padding="|||" custom_padding__hover="|||"][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_text_color="#0c71c3" _builder_version="4.1" toggle_font="||||||||" body_font="Raleway||||||||" text_orientation="center" custom_margin="10px||10px"][et_pb_accordion_item title="Source of the problem" open="on" _builder_version="4.1"]American Mathematical Contest 2012, AMC 8 Problem 10[/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title="Key Competency" _builder_version="4.1" open="off"]Permutation and basic counting principle[/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title="Difficulty Level" _builder_version="4.1" open="off"]4/10[/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title="Suggested Book" _builder_version="4.0.9" open="off"]Challenges and Thrills in Pre College MathematicsExcursion Of Mathematics

[/et_pb_accordion_item][/et_pb_accordion][et_pb_text _builder_version="4.0.9" text_font="Raleway|300|||||||" text_text_color="#ffffff" header_font="Raleway|300|||||||" header_text_color="#e2e2e2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_margin="48px||48px" custom_padding="20px|20px|0px|20px||" border_radii="on|5px|5px|5px|5px" box_shadow_style="preset3"]

Start with hints

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_tabs _builder_version="4.1"][et_pb_tab title="HINT 0" _builder_version="4.0.9"]Do you really need a hint? Try it first![/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 1" _builder_version="4.1"]For this problem, all we need to do is find the amount of valid 4-digit numbers that can be made from the digits of $2012$ , since all of the valid 4-digit number will always be greater than $1000$ . [/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 2" _builder_version="4.1"]The best way to solve this problem is by using casework. Now think what are the cases? [/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 3" _builder_version="4.1"]It has two cases , as there can be only two leading digits, namely $1$ or $2$ .[/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 4" _builder_version="4.1"]We know that number of ways of arranging ‘n’ items, out of which ‘p’ are alike, ‘q’ are alike and ‘r’ are alike given that p + q + r = nNumber of ways of distributing ‘n’ distinct items, in groups of size ‘p’, ‘q’ and ‘r’ given that p + q + r = n

.. Now try to calculate the the two cases .[/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 5" _builder_version="4.1"]CASE 1:As 2012 consits of two 2's , one 1, 0 so if we set 1 as the leading digit then we have two twos and one 0 such numbers then we have $\frac{3!}{2!1!} \implies 3$ such numbers. [/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 6" _builder_version="4.1"]When the leading digit is $2$ then we have one 2, one 1 and one 0 then we can arrange them in $3! \implies 6$ ways and as such we have 6 such numbers.[/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title="HINT 7" _builder_version="4.1"]By addition principle we find that there are 9 such numbers.[/et_pb_tab][/et_pb_tabs][et_pb_text _builder_version="3.27.4" text_font="Raleway|300|||||||" text_text_color="#ffffff" header_font="Raleway|300|||||||" header_text_color="#e2e2e2" background_color="#0c71c3" custom_margin="50px||50px" custom_padding="20px|20px|20px|20px" border_radii="on|5px|5px|5px|5px" box_shadow_style="preset3"]

Permutation and basic counting principle AMC 8 2012, problem 10

What are we learning ?

First look at the knowledge graph.

Next understand the problem

Start with hints

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